Indexing device for crank-lathes.



A. M. SOSA.

INDEXING DEVICE FOR CRANK LATHES. APPLICATION IILED JULY 12, 1913.

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A. M. SOSA. INDBXING DEVICE FOR CRANK LATHES. APPLIOATION FILED JULY 12, 1913.

5 Patented Dec. 23, 1913.

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A. M. SOSA. INDEXING DEVICE FOR CRANK LATHES.

Patented Dec. 23, 1913.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 12, 1913.

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AUGUSTUS M. SOSA, or eINcINNATI, onro,

ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN TOOL WORKS COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

INDEXING DEVICE FOR CRANK-LATHES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 23, 1913.

Application filed July 12, 1913. Serial No. 778,745.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, AUGUSTUS M. SOSA, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cincinnati, Hamilton county, Ohio, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements in Indexing Devices for Crank-Lathes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention pertains to improvements in the indexing devices for crank lathes of known type and will be readily understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of a known type of crank-turning attachments for lathes, the attachment being fitted with my improved indexing devices: Fig. 2 a rear elevation of the tail-end bearing and rotor, the rotor appearing in vertical section, transverse to the axis of the lathe, in the plane of line a of Figs. 1, 3 and 5: Fig. 3 a front elevation of a portion of the tailend rotor, a portion of the tail-end bearing appearing in the plane of line b of Fig. 2: Fig. 41 a rear elevation of a portion of the tail-end bearing and rotor, parts appearing in vertical section, transverse to the axis of the lathe, in the plane of line a of Figs. 1, 8 and 5: Fig. 5 a vertical section of a por tion of the tail-end bearing in the plane of line 0 of Figs. 2 and 1: Figs. 6 and 7, diagrams illustrating the first and second setting of the indexing device when the attachment is to work upon a double crank with crank-pins set at an angle of 180 relative to each other: Figs. 8, 9 and 10 dia grams illustrating the first, second and third settings of the indexing device when the attachinent is to work upon a triple crank whose crank-pins are at an angle of 120 to each other: Figs. 11, 12 and 13 diagrams illustrating the first, second, and third setting of the indexing device when the attachment is to work upon a triple crank having crank-pins at 90 to each other: and Fig. 14 a diagram illustrating the second setting of the device when the attachment is to work upon a double crank with its crank-pins at an angle of 180 from each other, this diagram illustrating the tool-rest as forming a part of the gaging system.

In the drawings, and giving attention for the present to Fig. 1 only :1, indicates a large head-bearing adapted to be clamped to the bed of an ordinary engine-lathe at some little distance from the face-plate of the lathe: 2, a hollow rotor journaled therein: 3, a hollow sleeve projecting from rotor 2 and provided with a flange adapted to be bolted to the face-plate of the lathe, it being understood that the axis of bearing 3 is to coincide with the axis of the lathe: 4, a tail-end bearing to be secured to the lathe at such distance from head-end bearing 1 as is called for by the longitudinal dimension of the crank-shaft to be dealt with: 5, a hollow tail-end rotor journaled in tail-end bearing 1: 0, eccentrically disposed clampboxes projecting from the inner faces of the two rotors, the degree of eccentricity of these clamp-boxes, relative to the axis of the rotors, corresponding with the throw of the crank to be dealt with, and the bore of the clamp-boxes corresponding with the diameter of the body of the crank-shaft: 7, driving bars mounted for endwise adjustment in the rotors and projecting inwardly from them: 8, clamp-jaws on the inner ends of the driving-bars and adapted to grip the proper checks of the crank-shaft to be dealt with: 9, the body portions of the crankshaft, one portion endwise beyond the crank work being gripped in the clamp-boxes of the head-end rotor while the other bodyportion is clamped in the clamp-boxes of the tail-end rotor: 10, one of the crank-pins of the crank-shaft: 11, another crank-pin ot' the crank-shaft, Fig. 1, illustrating a crank-shaft with two crank-pins disposed at an angle of 180 to each other: 12, one of the end checks of the crank: 13, the other end cheek oil the crank: 14, the middle check of the crank: and 141, typical means for clamping the two bearings to the lathe-bed.

All of the parts thus far referred to are of known construction and mode of operation, which mode of operation may be briefly described in connection with Fig. 1. Tt is to be understood that in crank-tiu'ning attachments of the class under consideration, the clamp-boxes will be adjustable to vary the radial distance from the axis of the rotors, which is the axis of the lathe, to suit the throw of the cranks, and the crank-boxes will be provided with selective bushings to provide for various diameters of the bodies of the crank-shafts. The crank-shaft having had the left hand portion of its body placed in the clamp-boxes of the head-end rotor, and the tail-end bearing having been so adjusted toward the head-end bearing as to bring the tail-end clampboxes Close to cheek 13, the crankshaftis so turned in the clamp-boxes as to properly center crank-pin 10, after which the clamp-boxes are tightened. The left hand driving-bar 7 is now to be so adjusted to the right that jaws 8 of that driving-bar will grip cheek 12, the setscrews in these jaws serving as means,- not only for gripping cheek 12, but serving also in effecting its adjustment to bring crankpin 10 into the line of collimation represented by the axis of the two rotors. The clamp-boxes being now tightened, crank-pin 10 may be turned to correct size, predetermined allowance being left for grinding, if grinding is to be done. Crank-pin 10 having been turned, the left hand driving-bar is to be retreated and the clampboxes loosened, and the crank-shaft is to be turned in the clamp-boxes, to bring crank 11 into the line of collimation, after which the righthand clamp-bar is to be shifted to the left to bring its aws into engagement with cheek 18. The parts having been adjusted and tightened, the turning of crank-pin 11 is now to be proceeded with and completed. Thus far consideration has been given only to a double crank. My improved indexing devices provide for the accurate re setting of the crank-shaft, after the turning of the first pin, and after the turning of other pins if the crankshaft should be provided with more than two crank-pins.

Proceeding with the drawings 15, indicates a radial index hole in the periphery of each of the two rotors: 16, a second hole 45 in angular advance of the first hole: 17, a third hole 60 in angular advance of the first hole: 18, a fourth hole 90 in angular advance of the first hole: 19, radially sliding index pins carried by the bearings and adapted to have their inner ends cooperate with the index holes in the rotors: 20, a spring at the outer end of each index-pin tending to urge the index-pin toward the rotor: 21, a pinion mounted in each of the bearings, at right angles to the axes of the index pins, the teeth of these pinio-ns engaging teeth formed on the indexpins: 22, a crank on each pinion: and 23, the pair of detent holes in each bearing to cooperate with a spring detent pin on each crank.

Looking at Figs. 2 and 41 it will be observed that the bearing 1- is split or provided with a cap, the oint of separation between the cap and the base of the bearing being on a horizontal line. The indexing pin is mounted in the base, in order to avoid the joint between the base and the cap, and index hole 15 is to be in such position that when engaged by the indexing pin the axis of the clamp-boxes will be vertically above the axis of the rotor. In practice I place the axis of the indexing pin 5 below the horizontal plane of the axis of the rotor.

In placing the crank-shaft in the attachment it will be found of superior convenience to have the clamp-boxes disposed vertically over the axis of the rotors. The index holes in the two rotors are to be ac curately disposed in the course of manufacture of the attachment, and consequently when both index pins are in index holes 15 the clamp-boxes of the two rotors will be in accurate alinement with each other and the rotors will be prevented from turning. The index pins are kept in the holes 15 by the action of springs 20, and the outer detent holes 23 need not be holes in fact but may be mere stop-pins against which the detent-pins of the cranks may strike to limit the inward movement of the index pins, though such limitation is not important. The inner ones of the holes 28 should be holes in fact to cooperate with the detentpins of the cranks to hold the index-pins out of engagement with the rotors. hen the indexing cranks are moved to the inward position the index-pins are withdrawn from,

the rotors and are entirely out of action, perinitting the rotors to turn in the ordinary working of the attachment. By releasing the detent pins of the cranks, after the r0- tors have been turned a short distance, the index-pins are permitted to snap into the next index holes in the rotors or, by properly dealing with the cranks, into such holes as are appropriate to the desired adjustment of the cranks. The first crank-pin, pin 10 of Fig. 1, having been completely turned, it is in order to lock the rotors by means of their index pins and then to retract the driving bars and loosen the clamp-boxes and turn the crank-shaftintosuch position as to bring crank 11 into the line of collimation, after which the jaws of the right hand driver-bar are put into action on cheek 18 and the turning of crank-pin 11 proceeded with.

I will now proceed to describe how the indexing devices provide for the accurate resetting of the crankshaft when the second pin is to be turned, soas to get the axis of the second pin directly opposite the axis of the first pin in a crank-shaft having its crank-pins at an angle of 180 to each other and also how cranks having more than two crank-pins may be accurately re-set.

In the following description, which will be made in connection with the diagrams of Figs. 6 to 14 inclusive, it is to be understood that the order of procedure may be varied to considerable extent withoutnegativing the results aimed at. Turning to Fig. 6 it is to be understood that rotor 5 is a duplicate of rotor 2, and that the index holes in the diagram are mere notches.

Assume that the double-crank of Fig. 1 has had its first crank-pin 10 completely turned, this crank-pin at the time occupying the position indicated for it in Fig. 0.

In Fig. 14 :-30, illustrates the usual toolrest supported by the lathe carriage: 31., the tool-holder supported thereby in adjustable position and carrying the tool at its inner end: 32, a wing projecting inwardly from the tool-rest and adapted to enter in between the checks of the crank to give support to the tool-holder when the tool-holder is adjusted inwardly to working position with the tool projecting inwardly beyond the wing: 83, the upper surface of the wing: and 34, a gage-block adapted to be placed temporarily upon the inner portion of wing 82, when the tool-holder is withd "awn and the tool-rest moved inwardly so as to bring the inner portion of the wing under one of the crank-pins when the crank-shaft is turned in the clamp-boxes.

Going again to Fig. 6, in which 10 indicates the first cranlepin, which pin has been completely turned, the clamp-boxes are to be loosened and the crank-shaft given about a half turn in the clamp-boxes, thus putting the completely turned pin 10 into the general position of rough pin 11. The toolholder of Fig. 141- is now to be loosened and withdrawn and the tool-rest is to be moved inwardly so as to come in the path of a crank-pin as the rotors are turned. Gageblock 8 1 is now to be placed on wing 32 and the rotors are to be turned till the indexpins engage index-holes 18, thus bringing the rotors into the position indicated in Fig. 7. The crank-shaft is now to be turned until finished crank-pin 10 rests upon gage-block 34, as indicated in Fig. 7, whereupon the clamp-boxes are to be tightened and the tail end drivingbar adjusted to engage check 13 of Fig. 1. Grank-pin 11 has now obviously been accurately brought to the line of collimation. It is to be understood that the height of the upper surface of gageblock 3 1 is such as to limit the turning of the crankshaft in the clamp-boxes to an angle of 180. If dank-pin 10 has been completed by the turning then the height to the upper surface of gage-block 34 will have been arranged with reference to the diameter of the accurately sized crank-pin 10, while if that crank-pin has a predetermined excess of diameter to provide for grinding then the height to the upper surface of the gage-block will be correspondingly less. The gage-block 3a is illustrated as a comparatively thin block resting on the upper surface of wing 32, this being a very convenient arrangement where the wing is present and employed in the gaging operation, but it is to be understood that the gaging is, after all, done from the bed of the lathe which gives support to the tool-rest.

The gage-block may now be withdrawn and the tool-holder advanced and the indexing pins retracted and locked out of position, whereupon the turning of the second crankpin 11 may be proceeded with and completed, the system being obviously such that the two pins will be at an angle of 180 to each other.

In the description thus given of the resctting of a double crank, such as is illustrated in F ig.'1, very little study will lead to the apprehension that only index hole 18 is essential for cooperation with the indexing-pin, though the presence of index-hole 15 is useful in bringing the clamp-boxes in their upper position to facilitate the tightening of the clamping bolts.

The diagrams of Figs. 8, 9 and 10 indicate the mode of procedure with a three-throw crank in which the crank-pins are at an angle of 120 to each other. In these diagrams, 241;, 25 and 20 indicate the three crank-pins. In Fig. 8, 211: indicates the first crank pin to be turned. Assuming this crank-pin to have been completely turned, the rotors are turned so that the index-pins engage index-holes 17 and hold the rotors in proper position with the axes of the clampboxes in accurate alincment. The clampboxes, having been loosened, and the toolholder withdrawn, and the gage-block placed on the wing of the tool-holder, the crank-shaft is turned until the completed crank-pin 2t rests upon the gage-block, whereupon the clamp boxes are tightened and the index-pins withd awn, leaving cranlcpin 26 in the line of collimation ready to be completely turned. This second crankpin 20 having been completely turned, therotors are again locked by the index-pins in index-holes 17 and the second completely turned crank-pin 20 is brought down upon the gage-block as before which leaves rough crank-pin 25 in the line of collimation ready to be turned.

The diagrams of Figs. 11, 12 and 13, illustrate a triple throw crank with three crankpins arranged in series at an angular distance of 90 In these diagrams:- -27, indirates the first crank-pin: 28, the second 5 crank-pin: and 2f), the third crank-pin. Assuming, in Fig. 11, that crank-pin 27 has been completely turned. The rotors being locked by the index-pins engaging detent holes 10, the crank-shaft is to be adjusted in the clamp-boxes, as before explained, so that the completed crank pin 27 will rest upon the gage-block. This brings crank-pin 29 to the line of collimation, in which position it may be completely turned, after which the cranlcshailt may be re-adjusted to bring crankpin 29 to the gage-block, bringing rough pin 28 to the line of collimation.

While I have illustrated the rotors as being provided with four index holes, it will be obvious that in some cases a lesser number of index holes will answer the purpose and that the number provided will take care of about all of the angles ordinarily involved in multiple cranks and that in extraordinary cases a greater number of index holes may be provided in the rotors. It is my preference that the index-pins and the index holes be arranged radially to the axis of the rotors but it is obvious that such radial arrangement is not essential.

I claim 1. In a crank-turning attachment of the character described, a pair of bearings, rotors mounted therein-and provided with means for carrying a crank-shaft with the axis of one of its crank-pins in line with the common axis of the bearings and provided each with a series of corresponding indexing apertures, an indexing-pin carried by each bearing and adapted to cooperate with said apertures, and means for locking said index-pins out of engagement with the apertures, combined substantially as set forth.

2. In a crank-turning attachment of the character described, a pair of bearings, rotors mounted therein and provided with means for carrying a crank-shaft with the axis of one of its crank-pinsin line with the common axis of the bearin s and provided each with a series of corresponding radial indexing apertures, a radial indexing-pin carried by each bearing and adapted to cooperate with said apertures, and means for locking said index-pins out of engagement with the apertures, combined substantially as set forth.

3. In a crank-turning attachment of the character described, a pair of bearings, rotors mounted therein and provided with means for carrying a crank-shaft with the axis of one of its crank-pins in line with the common axis of the bearings and provided each with a series of corresponding indexing apertures, an indexing-pin carried by each bearing and adapted to cooperate with said apertures, racks formed upon the indexingpins, pinions mounted in the bearings and engaging the racks, cranks connected with said pinions, and detent devices connected with said cranks to serve in looking the indexing-pins out of engagement with the indexing-apertures, combined substantially as set forth.

4. In a crank-turning attachment of the character described, a pair of bearings, rotors mounted therein and provided with means for carrying a crank-shaft with the axis of one of its crank-pins in line with the common axis of the bearings and provided each with a series of corresponding indexing-apertures, an indexing-pin carried by each bearing and adapted to cooperate with said apertures, racks formed upon the indexing-pins, pinions mounted in the bearings and engaging the racks, cranks connected with said pinions, detent devices connected with said cranks to serve in looking the indexing-pins out of engagement with the indexing apertures, and a spring cooperating with each detent-pin and tending 'to urge the pins into indexing apertures when the pins are not locked out of engagement with the apertures, combined substantially as set forthl 5. In a crank-turning attachment of the character described, a pair of bearings, rotors mounted therein and provided with means for carrying a crank-shaft with the axis of one of its crank-pins in line with the common axis of the bearings and provided each with a series of corresponding indexing apertures, an indexing-pin carried by each bearing and adapted to cooperate with said apertures, means'for locking said index-pins out of engagement with the apertures, and a gage-block adapted to be supported from the lathe-bed temporarily below a completely turned crank-pin to serve in positioning another crank-pin in the line of the axis of the bearings, combined substantially as set forth.

6. In a crank-turning attachment of the character described, a pair of bearings, rotors mounted therein and provided with means for carrying a crank-shaft with the axis of one of its crank-pins in line with the common axis of the bearings and provided each with a series of corresponding indexing apertures, an indexing-pin carried by each bearing and adapted to cooperate with said apertures, means for locking said index-pins out of engagement with the apertures, a gage-block adapted to be supported fro-m the lathe-bed temporarily below a completely turned crank-pin to serve in positioning another crank-pin in the line of the axis of the bearings, and a tool-rest provided with a wing adapted to enter between the cheeks of a crank and to give support to a tool working on a crank-pin disposed in the line of the axis of the bearings and to support said gage-block, combined substantially as set forth.

AUGUSTUS M. SOSA.

WVitnesses RICHARD JoU'rsoH,

J. W. SEE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C. 

